due diligence
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Reviewing M&A/Acquisition Proposals by Japanese Firms: 5 Perspectives Every Owner Should Consider First
Introduction M&A/acquisition proposals from Japanese companies often arrive with little warning. Whether through an intermediary, a mutual business contact, or a direct approach from the buyer, the initial experience for a business owner is the same: limited information, high stakes, and an implicit pressure to respond. It is important to recognise at the outset that…
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Cross-Border M&A “Reading Skills”: IM Review as the Starting Point for LOI, Due Diligence, and Negotiation
In cross-border M&A, the buyer’s work truly starts after signing an NDA (non-disclosure agreement) and receiving the seller’s disclosure package. The centerpiece of that package is the IM (Information Memorandum)—a structured review packet that consolidates business, financials, organization, forward plan, and the proposed transaction outline for initial assessment. In a typical buy-side flow, IM review…
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Cross-Border M&A LOI Guide: Structure, Drafting Essentials
Structure, drafting essentials, and the “easy-to-miss” points that matter in execution In cross-border M&A, people often say that an LOI (Letter of Intent) can shape the entire negotiation—yet the “why” and “where exactly” are rarely laid out in a structured way. Imagine you are suddenly asked, as the buyer-side lead, to evaluate and pursue an…
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M&A Sell-Side Process for Business Owners: Strategies for Success
Introduction M&A transactions involve the transfer of corporate control—whether through equity or an entire business unit. By nature, these deals are highly illiquid: finding qualified buyers and reaching price consensus is challenging. Consequently, M&A is rarely a “quick win”; it requires a structured process over a defined timeline. For most business owners and shareholders, a…